What a source means
Each source is the maker’s page, manual or published guidance behind the facts shown here. Specifications and dimensions do not change once a model exists, so they carry their source and no date. Model changes, which can move, show the date we last read them. A source is not a promise of current stock or a new test of the equipment.
When a maker doesn’t publish a specification, we say so rather than guess. Different generations and wattages of a model each get their own page. Pump output, filter circulation and maximum flow keep the maker’s own labels; none of them is the flow you’ll get once the filter is running in your tank.
If a detail is missing, the label and manual for your equipment are the best answer. Replaced and renamed models covers the differences that matter.
Calculations and units
The tools use your measurements and visible arithmetic. A US gallon is 231 cubic inches or 3.785411784 liters; a pound is 0.45359237 kilograms. NIST Guide to the SI, Appendix B: conversion factors.
Water weight uses approximately 1 kilogram per liter of freshwater. This is a planning approximation, not a density measurement. A weight total can’t tell you whether the glass, stand or floor will hold it.
Flow is collected volume divided by elapsed time. Turnover divides hourly flow by your actual water volume; it doesn’t pick a rate for your fish. Electricity is watts divided by 1,000, multiplied by operating hours and your tariff. Annual comparisons use a stated 365-day period. The numbers the tools open with are examples, not recommended water changes, schedules or prices.
Manufacturer and care references
- API: Aquarium Salt
- API: Leaf Zone
- API: Root Tabs
- UF/IFAS: Ammonia in Aquatic Systems
- UF/IFAS: Dissolved Oxygen for Fish Production
- UF/IFAS: Fish Health Management in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems, Part 2
- UF/IFAS: Recirculating systems, startup and daily cycling measurements
- OASE BioMaster² 250 instructions
- CaribSea: Freshwater substrates
- NC State College of Veterinary Medicine: aquariums and ponds during power outages
- EHEIM classic 250 (type 2213) operating instructions
- EHEIM classic 350 (type 2215) and 600 (type 2217) operating instructions
- EHEIM LiBERTY 75, 130 and 200 (types 2040, 2041, 2042) operating instructions; EHEIM LiBERTY product pages
- EHEIM professionel 4+ 250, 350 and 600 (types 2271, 2273, 2275) operating instructions; EHEIM professionel 4+ product pages
- EHEIM thermocontrol 25–300 operating manual
- Wikipedia: Acclimatization
- Wikipedia: Algal bloom
- Wikipedia: Alternanthera reineckii
- Wikipedia: Anthocyanin
- Wikipedia: Anubias
- Wikipedia: Aponogeton
- Wikipedia: Aquarium
- Wikipedia: Aquarium fish feed
- Wikipedia: Aquarium heater
- Wikipedia: Aquascaping
- Wikipedia: Aquatic plant
- Wikipedia: Biofilm
- Wikipedia: Brine shrimp
- Wikipedia: Bubble nest
- Wikipedia: Bucephalandra
- Wikipedia: Carbon dioxide
- Wikipedia: Ceratophyllum demersum
- Wikipedia: Chlorosis
- Wikipedia: Convict cichlid
- Wikipedia: Corydoras
- Wikipedia: Corydoras aeneus
- Wikipedia: Cryptocoryne
- Wikipedia: Daphnia
- Wikipedia: Daphnia magna
- Wikipedia: Detritus
- Wikipedia: Eleocharis acicularis
- Wikipedia: Elodea densa
- Wikipedia: Fertilizer
- Wikipedia: Fishkeeping
- Wikipedia: Goldfish
- Wikipedia: Guppy
- Wikipedia: Heterophylly
- Wikipedia: Hydra (genus)
- Wikipedia: Hydrocharis laevigata
- Wikipedia: Hydrogen sulfide
- Wikipedia: Infusoria
- Wikipedia: Juvenile fish
- Wikipedia: Lemna minor
- Wikipedia: Leptochilus pteropus (java fern)
- Wikipedia: Livebearers
- Wikipedia: Ludwigia palustris
- Wikipedia: Micropropagation
- Wikipedia: Mikrogeophagus ramirezi
- Wikipedia: Naididae
- Wikipedia: Neocaridina davidi
- Wikipedia: Nymphaea lotus
- Wikipedia: Oligochaeta
- Wikipedia: Panagrellus
- Wikipedia: Panagrellus redivivus (microworm)
- Wikipedia: Pelvicachromis pulcher
- Wikipedia: Photosynthesis
- Wikipedia: Phyllanthus fluitans
- Wikipedia: Physidae
- Wikipedia: Pistia
- Wikipedia: Planarian
- Wikipedia: Planorbidae
- Wikipedia: Plant nutrition
- Wikipedia: Plant tissue culture
- Wikipedia: Pontederia crassipes
- Wikipedia: Pruning
- Wikipedia: Pterophyllum (angelfish)
- Wikipedia: Red-rimmed melania (Malaysian trumpet snail)
- Wikipedia: Regeneration (biology)
- Wikipedia: Rhizome
- Wikipedia: Rotala rotundifolia
- Wikipedia: Salvinia minima
- Wikipedia: Salvinia molesta
- Wikipedia: Siamese fighting fish
- Wikipedia: Spawning
- Wikipedia: Stolon
- Wikipedia: Takashi Amano
- Wikipedia: Tannin
- Wikipedia: Taxiphyllum barbieri
- Wikipedia: Tiger barb
- Wikipedia: Turbatrix aceti
- Wikipedia: Vallisneria
- Wikipedia: Vegetative reproduction
- Wikipedia: Vesicularia montagnei
- Wikipedia: Zebrafish
- Find a fish veterinarian
- Fluval 07 Series
- Fluval 107 instructions
- Fluval AC Series Aquarium Filters
- Fluval AC20 instructions
- Fluval C Series Aquarium Filters
- Fluval C2 instructions
- Fluval C2 Power Filter
- Fluval E Series Aquarium Heaters
- Fluval E100 Electronic Heater
- Fluval Edge Thermometer
- Fluval Flex 2.0 aquarium kits: sizes, pump output and contents
- Fluval Flex 2.0 instruction manual (9 and 15 US gallon kits)
- Fluval Flex aquarium kit, 32.5 US gallons
- Fluval FX Series Canister Filters
- Fluval heater selection factors
- Fluval M Series Aquarium Heaters
- Fluval M50 instructions
- Fluval Plant 3.0 22W instructions
- Fluval Plant 3.0 Aquarium LED
- Fluval Plant 4.0 22W instructions
- Fluval Plant 4.0 FAQ
- Fluval Plant 4.0 specifications and controlsRead
- Fluval T Series instructions: temperature-rise performance conditions
- Fluval T Series: US model capacities, watts, control range and lengths
- Fluval U Series Aquarium Filters
- Fluval: Stratum substrates
- Seachem: media order inside the Tidal filter
- Aqueon critical dimensions and empty tank weights, earlier edition (a copy hosted by Swiss Tropicals)
- Tropica: Premium Nutrition
- Aqueon QuietFlow LED PRO product page, archived 7 October 2025 (Aqueon now sends this address to the newer PRO QuietFlow)
- API 5-in-1 Test Strips
- API Ammonia Test Kit
- API Ammonia Test Strips
- API Freshwater Master Test Kit
- API General & Carbonate Hardness Test Kit
- API KH / Carbonate Hardness Test Kit
- API Nitrate NO3 Test Kit
- API Nitrite NO2 Test Kit
- Aquarium Co-Op Air Pump with Battery Backup
- Aquarium Co-Op Black Easy Flow Sponge Filter (fine)
- Aquarium Co-Op Pre-Filter Sponge
- Aquarium Co-Op Siphon Gravel Vac Mini
- Aquarium Co-Op: Easy Green All-in-One Fertilizer
- Aquarium Co-Op: Easy Root Tabs
- Aquarium Masters 50 Regular, AM11051 dimensions and specifications
- Aqueon 2026 Aquatic Product Catalog, page 27Read
- Aqueon aquarium setup and heater selection
- Aqueon Aquarium Water Changers
- Aqueon Aquatic Flat Heaters
- Aqueon Betta Filter with Natural Plant
- Aqueon circulation-pump safety instructions
- Aqueon critical dimensions and empty tank weights
- Aqueon exact top variants
- Aqueon filtration jobs
- Aqueon heater tips: cooling and restart waits, daily temperature checks
- Aqueon Planted Aquarium Clip-On LED instructions
- Aqueon Planted Aquarium Clip-On LED Light
- Aqueon Preset Aquarium Heaters
- Aqueon Pro 50 instructions
- Aqueon Pro Adjustable Heater
- Aqueon Pro heater chart: differing historical entries
- Aqueon PRO QuietFlow Aquarium Power Filter
- Aqueon QuietFlow Air Pump 10 instructions
- Aqueon QuietFlow Air Pumps
- Aqueon QuietFlow Canister Filter 200 instructions
- Aqueon QuietFlow Canister Filters
- Aqueon QuietFlow Internal Power Filters with SmartClean Technology
- Aqueon QuietFlow LED PRO 10 instructions
- Aqueon Siphon Vacuum Gravel Cleaners
- Aqueon SmartClean Power Filter with EcoRenew Filter Cartridge
- Aqueon Submersible Glass Heaters
- Aqueon tank, stand and accessory catalog
- Aqueon: how to move an aquarium
- Glass-top instructions
- Cobalt Aquatics Neo-Therm Pro Heater
- CPSC fact sheet: what a GFCI is and how to test it
- CPSC: portable generators and carbon monoxide
- Custom Aquariums 100 gallon (48 × 18 × 24 in) sizes and specifications
- Finnex Planted Plus 24/7 CRV Series Aquarium LED
- Florida Sea Grant and UF/IFAS: keeping a fish tank safe during a power outage
- hygger AquaFall Aquarium Filter (HG287)
- hygger Aquarium Biochemical Sponge Filter (HG120)
- hygger Aquarium Digital Mini Heater
- hygger Backpack Aquarium Filter (HG150)
- hygger Cleanness Aquarium Hang On Filter (HG238)
- hygger Double Biochemical Sponge Filter (HG256)
- hygger Hang-on-back Canister Filter (HG108)
- hygger Planted Aquarium Lighting (HG957)
- hygger Precise Aquarium Heater (HG253)
- hygger Titanium Tube Heater (HG085)
- Marineland Magniflow Canister Filter
- Marineland Penguin PRO 125 instructions
- Marineland Penguin PRO Power Filter
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Disorders and diseases of fish
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Management of Aquarium Fish
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Parasitic Diseases of Fish
- Merck: providing a home for fish
- Southern Regional Aquaculture Center: Harvesting Warmwater Fish (SRAC 394)
- OASE BioMaster² 250
- OASE BioMaster² 600
- Seachem MultiTest Ammonia
- Seachem MultiTest Nitrite/Nitrate
- Seachem Prime
- Seachem Tidal 110
- Seachem Tidal 35
- Seachem Tidal 55
- Seachem Tidal 75
- Seachem: Flourish
- Seachem: Flourish Tabs
- Seachem: Flourite
- Tetra EasyStrips 6-in-1 Aquarium Test Strips
- Tetra EasyStrips Ammonia Test Strips
- Tetra EasyStrips Complete Test Strip Kit
- Tetra HT Submersible Heaters
- Tetra Whisper Aquarium Air Pump
- Tetra Whisper Deep Water Air Pump
- Tetra Whisper IQ 20 instructions
- Tetra Whisper IQ Power Filter
Pictures and product choices
Product photos, when available, show the exact Amazon item and link to it. They come through Amazon’s licensed image service and expire within 23 hours. A missing photo does not change the equipment choice. Diagrams of tank measurements and calculation steps are our own explanatory drawings.
Fish and plant photos are real photographs from Wikimedia Commons, listed below with their authors and licenses. The tanks, lineups and scenes drawn to scale are our own drawings.
We compare published specifications and instructions. We do not claim hands-on equipment testing. Retailer commissions do not set product order. See the affiliate disclosure for that relationship.
Photographs of fish and plants
Each photo is a file on Wikimedia Commons, reused under the license named: Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY), Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA), CC0 or the public domain. We resize and crop them to fit and credit them on every page that shows them. Where a photo shows a close relative or a color form, the note says so.
No freely licensed photo was found for Golden pencilfish, Clown pleco, Rabbit snail, Snowball pleco, Red neon blue-eye, Clown barb, Asian stone catfish, Flame moss and Echinodorus 'Vesuvius'; their pages show our own drawing, marked as one.
Corrections
Spotted a mistake? Tell us through the contact page, with the exact model and a link to the maker’s page. A figure from a different model, region or package can’t fill a gap for the one shown.